Kuva aho guhagarika plastike, ibinyabuzima bishobora kwangirika bimaze kuba ahantu hashyushye, inganda zikomeye zongereye umusaruro, ibicuruzwa byazamutse icyarimwe binatera itangwa ry'ibikoresho fatizo, cyane cyane PBAT, PBS n'ibindi bikoresho byangiza imifuka ya membrane mu mezi 4 gusa, igiciro cyazamutse. Kubwibyo, ibikoresho bya PLA bifite igiciro gihamye cyashimishije abantu.
Polyide (acide lactique) (PLA), izwi kandi nka poly (lactide), ni ibintu bishya byangiza ibidukikije bya polymer byabonetse mugukingura impeta ya polymerisike ya acide lactique yateguwe na krike y'ibigori ishingiye ku binyabuzima, kandi irashobora kwangirika rwose mubidukikije. ibicuruzwa byanyuma, nka CO2 na H2O.
Bitewe nibyiza byimbaraga za mashini nyinshi, gutunganya byoroshye, gushonga cyane, biodegradabilite hamwe na biocompatibilité nziza, yakoreshejwe cyane mubuhinzi, gupakira ibiryo, ubuvuzi ndetse nizindi nzego. Ibyatsi byangirika bya PLA byitabiriwe cyane mumyaka yashize.
Mu gusubiza itegeko ryo guhagarika plastike, ibyatsi byimpapuro bikoreshwa cyane mubushinwa. Nyamara, ibyatsi byimpapuro biranengwa cyane kuberako batumva nabi. Ababikora benshi kandi benshi batangira guhitamo ibikoresho byahinduwe na PLA kugirango bakore ibyatsi.
Nubwo, nubwo aside polylactique ifite imiterere yubukanishi, kuramba kwayo kuruhuka (mubisanzwe munsi ya 10%) hamwe no gukomera gukabije bigabanya ikoreshwa ryibyatsi.
Kubwibyo, gukomera kwa PLA byahindutse ingingo yubushakashatsi kuri ubu. Ibikurikira niterambere ryubu ryubushakashatsi bukomeye bwa PLA.
Poly - aside ya lactique (PLA) ni imwe muri plastiki ikuze cyane. Ibikoresho fatizo byayo biva mumibabi ishobora kuvugururwa, ibigori, ibikomoka ku buhinzi, nibindi, kandi bifite ibinyabuzima byiza. PLA ifite ibikoresho byiza byubukanishi, bisa na plastiki ya polypropilene, kandi irashobora gusimbuza plastike ya PP na PET mubice bimwe. Hagati aho, PLA ifite urumuri rwiza, gukorera mu mucyo, kumva amaboko hamwe na antibacterial zimwe na zimwe
Imiterere ya PLA
Kugeza ubu, PLA ifite inzira ebyiri. Imwe muriyo ni polymerisation itaziguye, ni ukuvuga aside ya lactique iba idafite umwuma kandi igahinduka munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko muke. Ibikorwa byo kubyaza umusaruro biroroshye kandi ikiguzi ni gito, ariko uburemere bwa molekuline yibicuruzwa ntiburinganiye, kandi ingaruka zifatika ni mbi.
Ibindi ni impeta ya lactide - gufungura polymerisation, nuburyo bukuru bwo gukora.
Gutesha agaciro PLA
PLA irahagaze neza mubushyuhe bwicyumba, ariko byoroshye kwangirika muri CO2 namazi mubushuhe buke buke, ibidukikije-aside hamwe nibidukikije bya mikorobe. Kubwibyo, ibicuruzwa bya PLA birashobora gukoreshwa neza mugihe cyemewe kandi bikangirika mugihe nyuma yo gutabwa mugucunga ibidukikije no gupakira.
Ibintu bigira ingaruka mbi ku iyangirika rya PLA harimo uburemere bwa molekile, imiterere ya kristaline, microstructure, ubushyuhe bw’ibidukikije n’ubushuhe, agaciro ka pH, igihe cyo kumurika hamwe na mikorobe y’ibidukikije.
PLA nibindi bikoresho birashobora kugira ingaruka ku gipimo cyo gutesha agaciro.
Kurugero, PLA yongeyeho ingano yifu yinkwi cyangwa fibre yibigori irashobora kwihutisha cyane igipimo cyo kwangirika.
Imikorere ya bariyeri
Kwikingira bivuga ubushobozi bwibikoresho byo kubuza gaze cyangwa imyuka y'amazi.
Umutungo wa bariyeri ni ingenzi cyane kubikoresho byo gupakira. Kugeza ubu, umufuka wa pulasitike ukunze kwangirika ku isoko ni ibikoresho bya PLA / PBAT.
Inzitizi yimiterere ya firime ya PLA yatunganijwe irashobora kwagura ikibanza cyo gusaba.
Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumitungo ya PLA yibanda cyane cyane mubintu byimbere (imiterere ya molekulari na reta ya kristu) nibintu byo hanze (ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, imbaraga zo hanze).
1. Gushyushya firime ya PLA bizagabanya imitungo yaburiyeri, bityo PLA ntabwo ibereye gupakira ibiryo bikeneye gushyuha.
2. Kurambura PLA murwego runaka birashobora kongera imitungo ya bariyeri.
Iyo igipimo cya tensile cyiyongereye kuva kuri 1 kugeza kuri 6.5, kristu ya PLA iriyongera cyane, bityo imitungo ya bariyeri iratera imbere.
3. Kongera inzitizi zimwe (nk'ibumba na fibre) kuri matrike ya PLA birashobora kuzamura imitungo ya bariyeri ya PLA.
Ni ukubera ko bariyeri yongerera inzira igoramye inzira y'amazi cyangwa gaze ya gaze ya molekile nto.
4. Kuvura gutwikiriye hejuru ya firime ya PLA birashobora kunoza imitungo ya bariyeri.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 29-10-21